Linda E. Graham is Professor of Botany at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She earned a bachelor’s degree from Washington University, a master’s degree from the University of Texas, and a doctorate from the University of Michigan, all in botany. Dr. Graham has published more than 50 articles, including papers focused on several major groups of the algae, and has special expertise in charophyceans. She teaches an annual course on algal biology that emphasizes the roles of algae in global biogeochemistry, the many biotic interactions involving algae, and the technological applications of algae, and has taught an advanced marine botany course on a remote tropical island. Dr. Graham is a member of the faculty and past chair of the Water Resources Management Graduate Program in the Gaylord Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, and the Limnology and Marine Sciences graduate program. She regularly consults with individuals, agencies, and private sector entities regarding algae, and is a AAAS Fellow. Linda Graham has co-authored Plant Biology (2003, 2006 Pearson; Biology (2008, McGraw-Hill); and The Origin of Land Plants (1993 Wiley).


James M. Graham received his Ph.D. in Biological Science from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. He is an Associate Scientist at the University of Wisconsin– Madison, where he conducts research in the area of microbial ecology. He has also taught a number of courses, including ecology, biology of algae, introductory biology for majors, and introductory botany for non-science majors. He is a co-author of Plant Biology.


Lee W. Wilcox received his Ph.D. in Botany from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He is also a co-author of Plant Biology. His research interests include symbiosis, algal evolution, and plant and algal cell biology. Dr. Wilcox designed the art programs for both Algae and Plant Biology and has provided many original photographs to both texts. He has also contributed photographs and scientific illustrations to a variety of other textbooks, scientific articles, and book chapters.